Love the detail . . .

When a log was hewn there would be plenty of 'chips' left over from the work and much of this could be used between the logs to hold the chinking.
If put at an angle they could be hammer in tight.
I prefer using stones which not hold water and adhere to modern cement chinking better. But back when, chinking would have been made out of mud and horse hair or straw.

What else can we tell from this picture.

Although the door appears to be if not original, old. But the door frame is not. If you look closely near the top of the door you can see where at one time the cabin had a shorter door frames.

It's sided on the inside still, and at one time was sided on the outside also.
It is also on a new foundation.